Vegetation and Climate Reconstruction of the Planalto in Rio Grande do Sul, South Brazil (Late Glacial and Holocene)     

M.Herrmann  A.R.Ashraf  V.Mosbrugger  M.M.Toigo 《东北亚地学研究》2003,(2)

1IntroductionThe ecosystem of Araucaria-Forest is one of the most important plant-associations in South Brazil. Today,however,the spreading area is a fraction of its natural size,originally spread over 200 km. It spanned from 18°to 30°of southern lati-t…  相似文献   

永济渠渠首段流路复原     

仇晓东  何凡能  刘浩龙  肖冉  邓清海 《地理科学进展》2017,36(4):446-453

永济渠是隋唐时期北方地区一条重要的人工运河,对古代北方地区水运交通有着极为深远的影响。但有关其渠首段经流问题,至今仍存歧见。本文在野外考察的基础上,通过对史料及考古资料的梳理与分析,探讨了永济渠最初开凿时渠首段的具体位置及变迁过程,结果表明：①永济渠初开时,渠首段经流今河南省焦作市武陟县东北,具体流路自黄河入沁水,溯沁水西行,于白马沟村分沁水北行,至南石涧村折而东行,经北霍村、纪孟村、马范桥村、后董村、郇封村、纸坊村,于碑桥村附近入吴泽陂,经光沟水于合河镇入清水,东南接白沟;②渠首段运道因向西绕行过远,前后只经流了十数年,便于唐初弃用,并将运道起点改至淇门;③唐宋时期,为避开黄河对漕运的影响,政府采用广建漕仓、调节漕运等措施,推行水陆联运,以确保漕运的顺达。  相似文献   

Luminescence dating of canal sediments from Angkor Borei, Mekong Delta, Southern Cambodia     

David C.W. Sanderson  Paul Bishop  Miriam Stark  Sally Alexander  Dan Penny 《Quaternary Geochronology》2007,2(1-4):322-329

Work to apply luminescence dating to archaeological sites in the Lower Mekong Delta has continued with a programme aimed at dating ancient canal sediments and brick monuments in the vicinity of ancient city of Angkor Borei. Following the successful application of OSL dating to the Paris 2 canal near Angkor Borei further fieldwork and analysis has been undertaken. The infill and substrate of the larger Paris 4 canal connecting Angkor Borei to Oc Eo, some 80 km to the south in Vietnam has been sampled and subjected to luminescence analysis. Field spectroscopy and underwater bleaching experiments were also conducted in the Baray and Angkor Borei in 2004. The results show that both illumination intensities and spectral distributions are severely altered by as little as 1.5 m of turbid water, and that OSL bleaching rates for both quartz and feldspars are reduced. Since quartz resetting is heavily dependant on the UV components in daylight, which have preferentially attenuated the effects of turbid water on OSL zeroing rates are especially marked. The new data from the Paris 4 canal, which has been dated by OSL to be between the first millenium BC and the late first millenium AD are significant to understanding the archaeological development of the Fu Nan state in the Lower Mekong Delta, and the sequence of development of the canal network linking inland agrarian sites and coastal trading centres.  相似文献   

杭州西湖与运河沉积物铅同位素组成及其示踪意义   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

路远发  陈好寿  陈忠大  杨红梅  顾明光  马丽艳  梅玉萍 《地球化学》2006,35(4):443-452

西湖底部表层沉积淤泥与沉积柱中沉积物的铅同位素组成存在明显的差异。沉积柱中206Pb/207Pb=1.1906±0.0029(2σ),208Pb/206Pb=2.0858±0.0074(2σ),而表层沉积淤泥的206Pb/207Pb=1.1705～1.1726,208Pb/206Pb=2.1052～2.1069,存在明显的异常。沉积柱中铅同位素组成演变特征表明,西湖沉积柱的上部受到了现代人为的铅污染,污染物厚度35cm左右,其中顶部10cm污染较为严重。与杭州市有关环境样品的铅同位素背景对比表明,西湖的铅污染主要来源于汽车尾气排放铅。运河(杭州段)0～30cm的沉积柱中除个别样品外,206Pb/207Pb=1.1543～1.1705,208Pb/206Pb=2.1011～2.1540,与西湖沉积柱下部沉积物中的铅同位素组成明显不同,而与西湖表层沉积淤泥的铅同位素组成一致,这表明运河沉积物存在显著的铅污染。对比表明,运河铅污染也主要来自汽车尾气,同时煤铅可能也有一定的贡献。根据西湖沉积柱中铅污染的深度与平均沉积速率估计,杭州地区的铅污染开始于1910年代,但到1970年代铅污染明显加剧。  相似文献   

筼筜湖--钟宅湾运河开通的环境地质影响     

叶清 《华南地震》2003,23(4):53-58

论述了筼筜港形成的地质构造成因、演化简史和筼筜港-钟宅断裂带的活动性。指出筼筜湖-钟宅湾运河开通可能存在相关的不良环境地质影响及区内普遍存在的对抗震不利的软土地基等问题。认为筼筜湖-钟宅湾运河的开通不能急于求成，要等有了解决可能产生的影响环境地质问题的办法和防范措施后，才可实施。  相似文献   

运河(杭州段)沉积物磷释放的模拟试验   总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18  

朱广伟  秦伯强  陈英旭  周根娣 《湖泊科学》2002,14(4):343-349

采用室内模拟的方法研究了扰动情况下运河（杭州段）表层沉积物磷的释放对上覆水的影响以及投加石灰、投加三气氛发化铁、连续曝气、换水清洗等措施对沉积物磷释放的控制效果，研究表明，在扰动、开放体系条件下，运河（杭州段）沉积物磷释放导致的上覆水总磷浓度在释放初期最高，随时间逐渐下降，表现出净吸附，采集于有机污染较重河段的沉积物磷释放能力显著高于总磷含量较高但以重金属污染为主的河段的沉积物，上覆水投加石灰最终导致沉积物磷释放量的增加，投加三氯化铁显著降低了上覆水总磷浓度，上覆水连续曝气降低了上覆水的平衡磷浓度、换水清洗对上覆水磷浓度的降低效果是有限的，然而上述措施均未能将上覆水总磷浓度控制在V类水的浓度限定值以下，因此，就上覆水TP的浓度指标而言，运河（杭州段）沉积物的内源释放对其影响很大。  相似文献   

论雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区冈底斯岛弧花岗岩带   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

耿全如  潘桂棠  郑来林  刘宇平  孙志明  欧春生  王小伟 《沉积与特提斯地质》2001,21(2):16-22

雅鲁藏布大峡谷北部的冈底斯岛弧花岗岩带可分为若干亚带，但岩浆活动大致可分为两大期次，分别与两次大规模造山活动有关，喜马拉雅造山作用在本区形成大量中新世花岗岩体，分布在离雅鲁藏布结合带较近部位；本区北部大量的早侏罗世至晚白垩世花岗岩，据其空间展布、岩浆活动时间、成因类型和岩石组合特征分析，应与怒江特提斯洋的闭合造山有关，同时说明本次造山作用可能是中生代的一次长期的构造-岩浆活动。  相似文献   

Hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase Activity in eel (Anguilla Anguilla) from The Thames Estuary and Comparisons with other United Kingdom Estuaries     

A. Doyotte  C. L. Mitchelmore  D. Ronisz  J. McEvoy  D. R. Livingstone  L. D. Peters   《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(12)

Hepatic microsomal 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activities (indicative of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs)) were measured in eel Anguilla anguilla from the Thames Estuary. Fish were collected from up to 13 sites during November 1997, May and August 1998 and October 1999. Throughout this period no clear seasonal variation could be identified at every site along the Thames. However, during the summer months, fish sampled from sites in the middle to the upper estuary (Woolwich, Greenhithe and West Thurrock) reported up to 3-fold higher EROD activities compared to sites either at the upper reaches (Richmond and Brentford) at the same time of the year, or fish sampled in winter, along the entire length of the estuary. A laboratory exposure experiment demonstrated a 3-fold elevation of EROD activity 2 days after injection with β-naphthoflavone (β-NF). However, higher levels of activity could be determined in fish sampled from the Weston canal near the Merseyside. The lowest levels of A. anguilla EROD activity were observed in fish sampled from the upper reaches of the River Tamar, Devon, and were comparable to activities determined in fish from the Wear and Humber estuaries. A. anguilla sampled along the Thames, Tyne and Tees estuaries reported between 2.5- and 7-fold higher EROD activities compared to fish collected from the Tamar. These results indicate that a low to moderate induction of A. anguilla CYP1A had occurred (indicative of low to moderate exposure to PAHs and planar PCBs) in fish collected from the Thames, Tyne, Wear, Tees, Humber and Tamar estuaries. However, the highest level of EROD activity was observed in fish from the Weston Canal (Merseyside).  相似文献   

“千年运河”品牌基因谱系识别与空间分异研究     

邹统钎  韩全  秦静 《地理研究》2022,41(3):713-730

“千年运河”品牌基因是“千年运河”国家文化旅游品牌塑造和发展的灵魂。本文以中国大运河沿线35个地级及以上城市为研究对象,运用共词分析法,从与大运河相关的网络游记中识别和提取“千年运河”品牌基因谱系。并运用基于机器学习的地理分区方法,进一步分析了“千年运河”品牌基因的空间分异特征。研究结果： ① 构建了由2个基因类别、4个基因维度和14个基因子维度组成的“千年运河”品牌基因识别框架。② 运河核心基因和运河衍生基因主要分布在京杭大运河沿线,隋唐大运河尤其是卫河河段沿线城市的边缘关联基因分布较多。③ 根据“千年运河”品牌基因的分布特征,可将运河沿线城市划分为6类地理区域,每类地理分区中的主导基因、功能定位不同。研究结果为“千年运河”国家文旅品牌塑造与发展提供参考,也为大运河文化遗产完整性保护与传承提供了新的切入点。  相似文献   

生物沸石薄层覆盖削减富营养化水体磷负荷     

周真明  黄廷林  苑宝玲 《湖泊科学》2016,28(4):726-733

以江苏扬州古运河富营养化水体为对象,现场围隔实验研究生物沸石薄层覆盖削减富营养化水体磷负荷可行性,考察生物沸石覆盖削减上覆水、底泥间隙水和底泥中不同形态磷的削减效果,讨论生物沸石覆盖修复过程中不同形态磷转化机制.结果表明,覆盖强度为2 kg/m2的生物沸石覆盖(厚度约2 mm)对上覆水中总磷的削减率为57.41%,对上覆水中正磷酸盐的削减率为60.03%;对底泥间隙水中正磷酸盐的削减率为59.80%;对表层底泥(0~20 cm)中总磷削减率为11.28%,对无机磷削减率为11.82%,对有机磷削减率为11.11%.生物沸石覆盖能将底泥中不稳定的无机磷(可溶性磷、铁结合态磷、铝结合态磷)或少部分较稳定的无机磷(钙结合态磷)转化为稳定的无机磷(包裹磷),说明生物沸石覆盖不仅能削减液相中磷负荷,而且能将固相中不稳定的无机磷转化为稳定的无机磷;可见,生物沸石薄层覆盖能有效削减富营养化水体磷负荷,利用生物沸石薄层覆盖削减富营养化水体磷负荷是可行的,但需要进一步研究富营养化水体底泥生物薄层覆盖修复过程中不同形态无机磷转化机制.  相似文献